Effects of an Aqua-Titanium Necklace on Running Speed when Examined at the Individual and Group Levels

Author

Nathan A. Weber, University of Alaska AnchorageFollow
Mychal A. Machado, University of Alaska AnchorageFollow
Duane D. Wood, University of Alaska AnchorageFollow

Periodical Title

Modern Psychological Studies

Volume

25

Number

2

Department

Dept. of Psychology

Publisher

University of Tennessee at Chattanooga

Place of Publication

Chattanooga (Tenn.)

Abstract

Results from previous evaluations of athletic wearables infused with Aqua Titanium have been mixed with respect to ergogenic effectiveness. This might be due to exclusive reliance on group designs in previous studies. The purpose of our study was to evaluate and compare the individual and group differences in responsiveness to an Aqua-Titanium necklace. Using a single-subject (reversal) design, we measured the running speed of 10 healthy adults across baseline (no necklace), test (Aqua-Titanium necklace) and placebo conditions using a 61-m indoor track. The entire sample was then considered for group analyses. Results showed that our single-subject and group analyses produced similar outcomes, and that these outcomes provided little evidence to support the ergogenic effectiveness of the Aqua-Titanium necklace.

Subject

Psychology

Keyword

Aqua Titanium; single-subject design; group designs; athletic wearables; ergogenic aids

Discipline

Psychology

Document Type

article

DCMI Type

Text

Language

English

Rights

http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/

License

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/

Recommended Citation

Weber, Nathan A.; Machado, Mychal A.; and Wood, Duane D. (2020) "Effects of an Aqua-Titanium Necklace on Running Speed when Examined at the Individual and Group Levels," Modern Psychological Studies: Vol. 25: No. 2, Article 11.
Available at: https://scholar.utc.edu/mps/vol25/iss2/11