Project Director

Walker, Ruth W.

Department Examiner

Hood, Ralph W.; Huber, Thomas

Department

Dept. of Psychology

Publisher

University of Tennessee at Chattanooga

Place of Publication

Chattanooga (Tenn.)

Abstract

Religiosity, spirituality, and mysticism centered around inclusivity may possess the potential to promote self-discovery and acceptance among those who identify as LGBTQ+. For people within this community, the journey to self-acceptance may involve embracing one’s sexual orientation and personal identity, overcoming internalized stigma and hardships, and cultivating a healthy connection with oneself (Camp et al., 2020). Prior researchers have found LGBTQ+ individuals to have a conflicted relationship with differing religious ideals and spiritual beliefs (Barton, 2010; Kubicek et al., 2009). For some within this population, religion, spirituality, and mysticism may be sources of benefit, enabling a sense of strength and comfort. Some others, however, may harbor negative emotions towards religious and spiritual experiences due to former trauma, discrimination, victimization, and an array of other factors (Gibbs & Goldbach, 2015). The purpose of this study is to explore how religious, spiritual, and mystical experiences may impact self-acceptance among LGBTQ+ people. Eight adult participants identifying as LGBTQ+ with prior religious, spiritual, or mystical experiences were recruited for this study. Participants were required to complete an online demographic survey and participate in an in-person interview to understand their perspectives on religious, spiritual, and mystical experiences pertaining to self-acceptance of sexual orientation and personal identity. This exploratory study investigates whether spiritual and mystical experiences may contribute to improved levels of self-acceptance within LGBTQ+ identities and orientations. Additionally, the study examines if religions lacking inclusive practices are more likely to correlate with negative experiences for LGBTQ+ individuals. Reflexive thematic analysis was employed to analyze the data. The primary themes found include the following: outness vigilance, partial disclosure of identity, loss of community, importance of community, religious trauma, the impact of religious trauma, separation of LGBTQ+ identity from religious identity, desire for religious comfort, utility of spirituality and religion, individualized spirituality, mystical openness, personal resilience, and importance of supportive networks/environments.

Acknowledgments

Thank you to Dr. Walker, Dr. Hood, and Dr. Huber for providing thoughtful guidance and mentorship along the humbling journey of developing this project.

IRB Number

IRB # 23-122

Degree

B. S.; An honors thesis submitted to the faculty of the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Bachelor of Science.

Date

5-2024

Subject

Identity (Psychology); Self-acceptance--Religious aspects; Self-actualization (Psychology)--Religious aspects; Sexual minorities; Sexual orientation--Religious aspects; Spirituality--Psychology

Keyword

LGBTQ+; religion; spirituality; mysticism; self-acceptance

Discipline

Multicultural Psychology

Document Type

Theses

Extent

iii, 53 leaves

DCMI Type

Text

Language

English

Rights

http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/

License

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Date Available

11-2025

Available for download on Saturday, November 01, 2025

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